Imashanyarazi ihindagurika, nkibice byingenzi mumashanyarazi ya elegitoroniki, ikoreshwa cyane mubisabwa nko kubyara amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, hamwe n’amashanyarazi adahagarara (UPS). Igishushanyo mbonera cyabo kigira ingaruka muburyo bwo guhindura no kwizerwa. Ku bakora umwuga w’ubucuruzi w’amahanga, gusobanukirwa imiterere shingiro ya inverter bifasha guhuza neza ibyo abakiriya bakeneye no kunoza itumanaho rya tekiniki.
Imiterere yibanze ya inverter irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bitanu byingenzi: kwinjiza umuzenguruko, DC - DC ihindura, ikiraro cya inverter, ibisohoka muyungurura, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura. Inzira yinjiza ishinzwe guhagarika kwinjiza ingufu za DC (nka bateri cyangwa paneli yerekana amafoto) kandi mubisanzwe harimo gushungura EMI hamwe nibikoresho byo gukingira byihuta kugirango habeho ubuziranenge bwimbaraga zinjira. DC - DC ihindura (nibiba ngombwa) ihindura urwego rwa voltage kugirango ihuze ibisabwa murwego rukurikira.
Ikiraro cya inverter ni "umutima" wa inverter, igizwe nibikoresho byo guhinduranya amashanyarazi nka MOSFETs na IGBTs, bihindura ingufu za DC kuri AC binyuze mumashanyarazi menshi -. Topologiya isanzwe irimo kimwe cya kabiri - ikiraro, cyuzuye - ikiraro, nikiraro cya -. Mugihe uhitamo inverter kubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, nibyingenzi guhitamo igisubizo kiboneye ukurikije igipimo cyumubyigano w isoko (urugero, 220V / 50Hz cyangwa 110V / 60Hz).
Ibisohoka muyungurura bivanaho - guhuza inshuro nyinshi ukoresheje inductors na capacator, bigatuma ingufu za AC zisohoka hafi ya sine wave. Ibi nibyingenzi kubikoresho bisobanutse cyangwa grid - ihuza porogaramu. Hanyuma, sisitemu yo kugenzura (mubisanzwe ishingiye kuri DSP cyangwa MCU) ihindura inshuro zihinduranya, icyiciro, na voltage mugihe nyacyo kugirango habeho umusaruro uhamye, kandi igahuza ibintu birinda umutekano nka overvoltage, overcurrent, na short- kurinda umuzunguruko.
Urebye mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, imiterere yimiterere ihindagurika iratandukanye cyane kumasoko: Abakiriya b’abanyaburayi n’abanyamerika bashyira imbere imikorere ihanitse no kubahiriza ibyemezo (urugero, UL na CE), mugihe amasoko azamuka ashobora gushyira imbere ikiguzi nigihe kirekire. Gusobanukirwa nizi nzego birashobora gufasha abatanga ibicuruzwa byihuse ibyifuzo byabakiriya no kuzamura ibiciro byo guhindura.